Deceptive Patterns
‹ All reading

Prevalence and Characteristics of Manipulative Design in Mobile Applications Used by Children

Author
Jenny Radesky, Alexis Hiniker, Caroline McLaren, Eliz Akgun, Alexandria Schaller, Heidi M Weeks, Scott W. Campbell, Ashley N. Gearhardt
Date
1 Jun 2022
Publisher
JAMA Network Open
Focus
HCI & Psychology
Category
Academic Scholar

This cross-sectional study of apps used by 160 children aged 3 to 5 years suggests that interactive designs that serve the interests of technology companies over the interests of children are common and deserve further study and regulation.

Key Points Question What types of manipulative design features exist in childrens’ mobile apps, and do inequities exist in young childrens exposure to manipulative design? Findings In this cross-sectional study of apps used by 160 children aged 3 to 5 years, the majority of apps were associated with manipulative design features that included parasocial relationship pressure, fabricated time pressure, navigation constraints, and use of attractive lures to encourage longer gameplay or more purchases, in addition to advertisement-based pressure; only 20% of apps had no manipulative design features. Children from lower socioeconomic strata played apps with more manipulative design.